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\nThe Healthy Community Design Initiative, also known as the Built Environment and Health Initiative, is no longer a funded program and the information on this website is not being reviewed and updated on a regular basis.
\nBalaban V, Sleet DA. Childhood injuries and travel environments: Implications for Prevention. In Friis, R (Ed). Praeger Handbook of Environmental Health (Vol 4:263-286). Santa Barbara: Praeger, 2012.
\nBeck LF, Dellinger AM, O\u2019Neil ME. Motor vehicle crash injury rates by mode of travel, United States: using exposure-based methods to quantify differences. Am J Epi 2007;166:212-8. 3.
\nFrank L. Obesity Relationships with Community Design, Physical Activity and Time Spent in Cars. Am J Prev Med. 2004; 27(2): 87\u201397.
\nFraser SD, Lock K. Cycling for transport and public health: a systematic review of the effect of the environment on cycling. Eur J Public Health. 2011 Dec;21(6):738\u2013743.
\nFreeland AL, Banerjee SN, Dannenberg AL, Wendel AM. Walking associated with public transit: moving toward increased physical activity in the United States. Am J Public Health. 2013 Mar;103(3):536\u2013542.
\nGotschi T. Costs and benefits of bicycling investments in Portland, Oregon. J Phys Act Health. 2011 Jan;8 Suppl 1:S49\u2013S58.
\nHeath GW, Brownson RC, Kruger J, Miles R, Powell KE, Ramsey LT, and the Task Force on Community Preventive Services. The effectiveness of urban design and land use and transport policies and practices to increase physical activity: A systematic review. J Phys Act Health. 2006, 3, Suppl 1,S55\u2013S76.
\nJohns Hopkins Center for Injury Research and Policy. NYC, Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Society of Public Health Education. Active Design Supplement: Promoting Safety. New York (NY): 2012. Available at URL http://centerforactivedesign.org/promotingsafety.
\nKegler S, Beck LF, Sauber-Schatz EK. Motor vehicle crash deaths in metropolitan areas, US, 2009. MMWR 2012;61(28):523-8. 5.
\nLitman T. \u201cIf Health Matters: Integrating Public Health Objectives into Transportation Decision-Making,\u201d Victoria (CN): Transport Policy Institute; 2013. Available at URL: http://www.vtpi.org/health.pdf . Previously published as, \u201cIntegrating public health objectives in transportation decision-making.\u201d Am J Health Promot. 2003 Sep/Oct; 18(1):103-108. Available at URL: http://www.vtpi.org/AJHP-litman.pdf [PDF \u2013 165 KB].
\nMacDonald JM, Stokes RJ, Cohen DA, Kofner A, Ridgeway GK. The effect of light rail transit on body mass index and physical activity. Am J Prev Med. 2010 Aug;39(2):105\u201312.
\nNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Countermeasures that work: A highway safety countermeasures guide for State Highway Safety Offices. 7th edition. (Report No. DOT HS 811 727). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; 2013.
\nNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration. National pedestrian crash report. Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; 2008. Available at http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pubs/810968.pdf.
\nNaumann RB, Dellinger AM, Zaloshnja E, Lawrence BA, Miller TR. Incidence and total lifetime costs of motor vehicle-related fatal and nonfatal injury by road user type, United States, 2005. Traffic Inj Prev 2010;11:353-60.
\nNaumann RB, Beck LF. Motor vehicle traffic-related pedestrian deaths, United States, 2001-2010. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report 2013;62:277-282. Available at URL https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/wk/mm6215.pdf.
\nPucher J, Buehler R, Bassett DR, Dannenberg AL. Walking and cycling to health: a comparative analysis of city, state, and international data. Am J Public Health. 2010 Oct;100(10):1986\u20131992.
\nRissel C, Curac N, Greenaway M, Bauman A. Physical activity associated with public transport use\u2014a review and modelling of potential benefits. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Jul;9(7):2454\u20132478.
\nRoss CL, Leone de Nie K, Dannenberg AL, Beck LF, Marcus MJ, Barringer J. Health impact assessment of the Atlanta BeltLine. Am J Prev Med 2012;42:203-13.
\nSaelens BE, Handy SL. Built environment correlates of walking: a review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 Jul;40 (7 Suppl):S550\u2013S566.
\nSleet DA., Naumann, R, Baldwin, G, Dinh-Zarr, TB, Ewing, R. Eco-friendly transportation and the built environment. In: Friis, R, editor. Praeger handbook of environmental health. Santa Barbara: Praeger; 2012. p. 427-40.
\nSleet, DA, Naumann, R, Rudd, R. Injuries and the built environment. In: Dannenberg, AL, Frumkin, H, Jackson, R, editors. Making healthy places: designing and building for health, well-being, and sustainability. Washington (DC): Island Press; 2011. p. 77-90.
\nSleet DA, Dellinger, A. Traffic Injury Prevention and Environmental Public Health: Strategies that Work. In Friis, R (Ed). Praeger Handbook of Environmental Health (Vol 4: Chapter 5:91-112). Santa Barbara: Praeger, 2012.
\nStokes RJ, MacDonald J, Ridgeway G. Estimating the effects of light rail transit on health care costs. Health Place. 2008 Mar;14(1):45\u201358.
\nVargo J; Gerhardstein BG, Whitfield GP; Wendel AM. Bicyclist Deaths Associated with Motor Vehicle Traffic \u2014 United States, 1975\u20132012. MMWR 2015; 64(31);837-841.
\nWhitfield GP, Paul P, Wendel AM. Active Transportation Surveillance\u2014United States, 1999\u20132012. American Journal of Public Health: March 2016, Vol. 106, No. 3, pp. e1-e4.
\nWorld Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2013: supporting a decade of action. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2013. Available at URL http://www.who.int/ violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2013/en/index.html .
\nWorld Health Organization. Pedestrian safety: a road safety manual for decision-makers and practitioners. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2013. Available at URL http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstre am/10665/79753/1/9789241505352_eng.pdf.
\nWorld Health Organization. Speed management: a road safety manual for decision-makers and practitioners. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2008. Available at URL http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/9782940395040_eng.pdf.
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