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\nThe Healthy Community Design Initiative, also known as the Built Environment and Health Initiative, is no longer a funded program and the information on this website is not being reviewed and updated on a regular basis.
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Healthy community design is about planning and designing communities to make it easier for people to live healthy lives. Healthy community design encourages mixed land uses to bring people closer to the places where they live, work, worship, and play. Doing so reduces dependence on cars and provides affordable housing, good bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure, space for social gathering, and access to transit, parks, and healthy foods.
\nArticles
\nAsthma, diminished lung function, adverse birth outcomes, childhood cancer, and increased cardiopulmonary, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and stroke mortality risk for people living within 200 meters from a major highway. The review suggests locating daycares, schools, and nursing homes at least 300 meters from a major roadway to minimize emissions exposures to vulnerable populations.
\nA two-year observational study found that more greenness was associated with lower BMI scores among children. Expanding green space could prevent childhood obesity.
\nThis study of transit-oriented development in California includes a literature review of the benefits of TOD and an overview of current practices in California and the United States.
\nThe meeting discusses the different measurements of connectivity and how each encourages bicycling and walking.
\nThe report summarizes the relationship between community design characteristics and health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular health, injury, physical fitness, social capital, and mental health.
\nThe document gives federal guidance on predicting and assessing noise from public transit.
\nThis review found that the county sprawl index is consistently associated with obesity outcomes and that a greater mix of land uses is associated with fewer obese residents.
\nStreet-scale urban design and land use policies, such as city blocks with playgrounds, squares, one-way streets, traffic calming, bicycle lanes, improved lighting, and enhanced aesthetics, are associated with improving the percentage of people who engage in physical activity. Insufficient evidence exists for association of increases in physical activity with policy interventions that improve transit access, increase pedestrian and cyclist activity, reduce car use, and improve air quality.
\nThis article from the Department of Urban Housing and Development explains how cities across the U.S have dropped their minimum parking requirements to increase the affordability of housing and the land available for affordable developments.
\nStrengthening social capital within communities is a strategy to improve community health and reduce socio-economic disparities. Violent crimes are associated with low social capital.
\nA greener environment within 1\u20133 km around homes is correlated with an improved perception of health, as opposed to the perception of people living in a less green environment. Enhancing green space in urban planning can more effectively improve the health perception of such vulnerable groups as children, the elderly, and persons of lower socio-economic status.
\nThis is a manual of design strategies for buildings, streets, and urban spaces to promote physical activity and healthier lifestyles.
\nThis study examined the association between sense of community, walking, and neighborhood attributes. It concluded that urban design that creates a pedestrian-friendly area may improve sense of community and enhance social capital.
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