In the years around menopause, you may experience changes in your sex life. Some women say they enjoy sex more. Other women find that they think about sex less often or don’t enjoy it as much. Low hormone levels after menopause cause vaginal tissues to be thinner or drier. There are treatments to help your symptoms.
Menopause may cause changes in your sex life, or you may not notice any changes at all. Here are some possible changes:
Lower hormone levels can make your vaginal tissue drier and thinner. This condition, called vaginal atrophy, can make sex uncomfortable or painful.
Lower hormones may lower your sex drive. It may take you longer to get aroused.
Night sweats can disturb your sleep and make you tired.
Emotional changes can make you feel stressed or irritable.
Being less interested in sex as you get older is not a medical condition that requires treatment. But if changes in your sexual health bother you, talk to your doctor or nurse about ways to help, such as treatments to relieve vaginal dryness.
You can steps to improve your sexual health during perimenopause and after menopause:
For vaginal dryness that causes mild discomfort during sex:
Use an over-the-counter, water-based vaginal lubricant when you have sex.
Try an over-the-counter vaginal moisturizer to help increase moisture. You may need to use it every few days.
For more severe vaginal dryness, your doctor might prescribe medicines that you put into your vagina to increase moisture and sensation. These may include:2
Vaginal estrogen creams
Estrogen tablets or rings for insertion into the vagina
A non-hormonal medicine called ospemifene3
Discuss your symptoms and personal health issues with your doctor or nurse to decide whether one or more treatment options are right for you.
Talking with your partner about your concerns can strengthen your relationship. Getting older and chronic health problems like heart disease or diabetes can affect your sexual health and how you feel about sex. Some possible topics to discuss include:
What feels good and what doesn’t
Times that you may feel more relaxed
Which positions are more comfortable
Whether you need more time to get aroused than before
Concerns you have about the way your appearance may be changing
Ways to enjoy physical connection other than vaginal intercourse, such as oral sex or massage
You may want to also consider meeting with a therapist or sex counselor for individual or couples therapy if changes in your sex life bother you.
Yes, you still need to use condoms after menopause if you are not in a monogamous relationship. In a monogamous relationship, you and your partner have sex only with each other and no one else. Also, you have both been tested for sexually transmitted infections (STIs, or STDs) before having sex without a condom.
Condoms are the best way to prevent STIs when you have sex. Because a man does not need to ejaculate (come) to give or get some STIs, make sure to put the condom on before the penis touches the vagina, mouth, or anus. After menopause you may be more likely to get an STI from sex without a condom. Vaginal dryness or irritation is more common after menopause. This can cause small cuts or tears during sex, making you more likely to get an STI.
Learn more ways to prevent STIs.
For more information about menopause and your sexuality, call the OWH Helpline at 1-800-994-9662 or check out the following resources from other organizations:
This content is provided by the Office on Women's Health.