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\nThis content describes the prevalence of diabetes, prediabetes, and gestational diabetes in the United States.
\nDiabetes is a disease that occurs when your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is too high. High blood glucose can cause other health problems over time, such as heart disease, nerve damage, eye problems, and kidney disease. The most common types of diabetes are type 1, type 2, and gestational.
\nRead about the estimates of diabetes in the United States and the prevalence of both diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes in the National Diabetes Statistics Report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
\nAccording to the American Diabetes Association\u2019s Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S., the total estimated cost of diagnosed diabetes in 2022 was $412.9 billion, including $306.6 billion in direct medical costs and $106.3 billion in reduced productivity.
\nPrediabetes is a condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes. Prediabetes usually occurs when a person\u2019s body cannot effectively use the insulin it makes or when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin to keep the body\u2019s blood glucose levels in the normal range. People with prediabetes have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
\nRead about the prevalence of prediabetes among adults in the National Diabetes Statistics Report from CDC.
\nGestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that pregnant people may develop if they don\u2019t already have diabetes. High blood glucose levels during pregnancy can cause problems for pregnant people and their babies, and can also increase the chance of having a miscarriage.
\nThis content is provided as a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. Content produced by NIDDK is carefully reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts.
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\nData for digestive diseases as a group and for specific diseases are provided in various categories.
\nFor some diseases, data do not exist in all categories. Following are definitions used for the categories in this fact sheet:
\nAmbulatory care visits: The number of specific disease-related visits made annually to office-based health care providers, hospital outpatient clinics, and emergency departments.
\nHospitalizations: The number of hospitalizations annually for a specific disease. Incidence: The number of new cases annually of a specific disease.
\nMortality: The number of deaths resulting annually from a specific disease listed as the underlying or primary cause.
\nPrescriptions: The number of prescriptions written annually for medications to treat a specific disease.
\nPrevalence: The number of people affected by a specific disease or diseases.
\nProcedures: The number of specific disease-related diagnostic, therapeutic, and surgical procedures performed annually in a hospital or an outpatient setting.
\n Prevalence: 60 to 70 million people affected by all digestive diseases1
Ambulatory care visits: 48.3 million (2010)2\u20134
Primary diagnosis at office visits: 36.6 million (2010)2\u20134
Primary diagnosis at emergency department visits: 7.9 million (2010)2\u20134
Primary diagnosis at outpatient department visits: 3.8 million (2010)2\u20134
Hospitalizations: 21.7 million (2010)5
Mortality: 245,921 deaths (2009)6
Diagnostic and therapeutic inpatient procedures: 5.4 million\u201412 percent of all inpatient procedures (2007)7
Ambulatory surgical procedures: 20.4 million\u201420 percent of all \u201cwrite-in\u201d surgical procedures (2010)2
Costs:
$141.8 billion (2004)8
$97.8 billion, direct medical costs (2004)8
$44 billion, indirect costs\u2014for example, disability and mortality (2004)8
Ambulatory care visits: 3.6 million (2009)6
Surgical procedures: 526,000 (2006)9 (inguinal hernia only)
Hospitalizations: 380,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 1,322 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 3.7 million (2004)8
Prevalence: 63 million people (2000)11
Ambulatory care visits: 4.0 million (2009)6
Hospitalizations: 1.1 million (2010)5
Mortality: 132 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 5.3 million (2004)8
Prevalence: 2.2 million people (1998)12
Ambulatory care visits: 2.7 million (2009)6
Hospitalizations: 814,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 2,889 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 2.8 million (2004)8
Prevalence: 20 million people (2004)13
Ambulatory care visits: 2.2 million (2006\u20132007)14 (includes all disorders of the gallbladder and biliary tract)
Surgical procedures: 503,000 (2006)9 (laparoscopic cholecystectomies only)
Hospitalizations: 675,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 994 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 1.65 million (2004)8
Prevalence: Reflux symptoms at least weekly: 20 percent of the population (2004)15
Ambulatory care visits: 8.9 million (2009)6
Hospitalizations: 4.7 million (2010)5
Mortality: 1,653 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 64.6 million (2004)8
Prevalence: Nonfoodborne gastroenteritis: 135 million people (1998)12; foodborne illness: 76 million people (1998)12
Ambulatory care visits: 2.3 million (2004)8
Hospitalizations: 487,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 11,022 deaths (2011)16
Prescriptions: 938,000 (2004)8
Prevalence: 75 percent of people older than 45 (2006)17
Ambulatory care visits: 1.1 million (2009)6
Hospitalizations: 266,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 20 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 2 million (2004)8
Ambulatory care visits: 1.9 million (2009)6
\nPrevalence: 359,000 people (1998)12
Ambulatory care visits: 1.1 million (2004)8
Hospitalizations: 187,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 611 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 1.8 million (2004)8
Prevalence: 619,000 people (1998)12
Ambulatory care visits: 716,000 (2004)8
Hospitalizations: 107,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 305 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 2.1 million (2004)8
Prevalence: 15.3 million people (1998)12
Ambulatory care visits: 1.6 million (2009)6
Hospitalizations: 280,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 21 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 5.9 million (2004)8
Prevalence: 3.0 million people (2011)18
Ambulatory care visits: 635,000 (2009)6 (cirrhosis only)
Procedures: 6,342 (2011)19 (liver transplants)
Hospitalizations: 1.2 million (2010)5
Mortality: 42,923 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 731,000 (2004)8
Prevalence: 1.1 million people (1998)12
Incidence: Acute: 17 cases per 100,000 people (2003)20; chronic: 8.2 cases per 100,000 people (1981)21
Ambulatory care visits: 881,000 (2004)8
Hospitalizations: 553,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 3,413 deaths (2010)10
Prescriptions: 766,000 (2004)8
Prevalence: 15.5 million people (2011)18
Ambulatory care visits: 669,000 (2006\u20132007)14
Hospitalizations: 358,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 2,981 deaths (2011)16
Prescriptions: 5 million (2004)8
Hepatitis A
\nPrevalence of chronic infection: None (2007)22
Incidence: 1,670 new acute clinical cases (2010)22
Ambulatory care visits: Infrequent (2004)8
Hospitalizations: 10,000 (2004)8
Mortality: 29 deaths (2010)10
Hepatitis B
\nPrevalence of chronic infection: 800,000 to 1.4 million people (2007)22
Incidence: 3,350 new acute clinical cases (2010)22
Ambulatory care visits: 729,000 (2004)8
Hospitalizations: 61,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 588 deaths (2010)10
Hepatitis C
\nPrevalence of chronic infection: 2.7 to 3.9 million people (2007)22
Incidence: 850 new acute clinical cases (2010)22
Ambulatory care visits: 1.2 million (2009)6
Hospitalizations: 419,000 (2010)5
Mortality: 6,844 deaths (2010)10
The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) and other components of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) conduct and support research into many diseases and conditions.
\nClinical trials are part of clinical research and at the heart of all medical advances. Clinical trials look at new ways to prevent, detect, or treat disease. Researchers also use clinical trials to look at other aspects of care, such as improving the quality of life for people with chronic illnesses. Find out if clinical trials are right for you.
\nClinical trials that are currently open and are recruiting can be viewed at www.ClinicalTrials.gov.
\n \nThis information may contain content about medications and, when taken as prescribed, the conditions they treat. When prepared, this content included the most current information available. For updates or for questions about any medications, contact the U.S. Food and Drug Administration toll-free at 1-888-INFO-FDA (1-888-463-6332) or visit www.fda.gov. Consult your health care provider for more information.
\nThis content is provided as a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. Content produced by NIDDK is carefully reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts.
Endocrine and metabolic diseases span a vast range of conditions that can decrease quality of life, including osteoporosis, cystic fibrosis, hypothyroidism, and overweight and obesity. Visit the sites below for disease- and condition-related statistics and prevalence data regarding U.S. populations.
\nNational Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
Search the NCHS site for statistics and prevalence data on endocrine and metabolic-related diseases and conditions.
3311 Toledo Road
Hyattsville, MD 20782\u20132003
Phone: (800) 232-4636
TTY: (888) 232-6348
Website: www.cdc.gov/nchs
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
Find information and statistics on endocrine and metabolic-related diseases and conditions.
55 Kenosia Avenue
Danbury, CT 06810
Phone: 203\u2013744\u20130100
Fax: 203\u2013798\u20132291
Website: rarediseases.org
This content is provided as a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. Content produced by NIDDK is carefully reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts.
Blood diseases and disorders affect millions of Americans. Learn more about hematologic diseases from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Visit the sites below for additional statistics related to hematologic diseases.
\nNational Center for Health Statistics
Search the NCHS site for statistics and prevalence data on hematologic-related diseases and conditions.
3311 Toledo Road
Hyattsville, MD 20782\u20132003
Phone: (800) 232\u20134636
Website: www.cdc.gov/nchs
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Visit the CMS website for statistics about hematologic diseases, including sickle-cell disease.
7500 Security Boulevard
Baltimore, MD 21244
Phone: (877) 267-2323
TTY: (866) 226\u20131819
Website: www.cms.gov
National Organization for Rare Disorders
Find details on hematologic-related diseases, disorders, and syndromes.
55 Kenosia Avenue
Danbury, CT 06812
Phone: (203) 744\u20130100
Website: rarediseases.org
This content is provided as a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. Content produced by NIDDK is carefully reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 1 in 7 U.S. adults\u2014an estimated 37 million Americans.1 For Americans with diabetes or high blood pressure\u2014the two most common causes of kidney disease\u2014the risk for CKD is even greater. Nearly 1 in 3 people with diabetes and 1 in 5 people with high blood pressure have kidney disease.1 Other risk factors for developing kidney disease include heart disease and a family history of kidney failure.
\nDespite the prevalence of kidney disease in the United States, as many as 9 in 10 adults who have CKD are not aware they have the disease.1 Early-stage kidney disease usually has no symptoms, and many people don\u2019t know they have CKD until it is very advanced. Kidney disease often gets worse over time and may lead to kidney failure and other health problems, such as stroke or heart attack. Approximately 2 in 1,000 Americans are living with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)\u2014kidney failure that is treated with a kidney transplant or dialysis.2
\nLearn more about kidney disease from the National Institute on Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). NIDDK spearheads research to improve kidney disease management and treatment. For information about current studies, visit ClinicalTrials.gov.
\nAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u2019s (CDC) Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States, 2021 (PDF, 412 KB) report
End-stage Kidney Disease (ESKD)
According to the United States Renal Data System 2020 Annual Data Report
Based on U.S. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network data
Medicare Spending
Initial effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mortality among the CKD and ESKD populations are reflected below.
\nAccording to the United States Renal Data System 2022 Annual Data Report
\nThis content is provided as a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. Content produced by NIDDK is carefully reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts.
The National Diabetes Survey is a periodic population-based probability survey of U.S. adults that has been conducted in 2006, 2008, 2011, 2014, and 2016 to measure trends in diabetes awareness, knowledge, and behavior.
\nThe survey samples more than 2,500 respondents including people with diabetes, people with prediabetes, people at risk, and others. Address-based sampling was used, with oversampling of African-Americans and Hispanics.
\n Get It Now 2016 National Diabetes SurveyThe NIDDK launched the first National Diabetes Survey in 2006 to address a lack of national data on diabetes-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among U.S. adults, as well as on the management of diabetes by people with the disease. The NIDDK has since conducted this national survey every 2 to 3 years.
\nSurvey results provide insights on trends that health care providers can apply in their own practices and that the diabetes community can use to reach populations affected by diabetes. Data from the National Diabetes Survey may complement statistics on diabetes prevalence and cost collected by other organizations.
\nThe NIDDK has used National Diabetes Survey data to guide and assess program strategies. National Diabetes Survey data have also been used to develop and promote messages to help address perceived diabetes risk, prevention, and management behaviors.
\nThis content is provided as a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. Content produced by NIDDK is carefully reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts.
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\nA person whose weight is higher than what is considered to be a normal weight for a given height is described as being overweight or having obesity.1
\nAccording to 2017\u20132018 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
\nAccording to 2017\u20132018 NHANES data
BMI is a tool to estimate and screen for overweight and obesity in adults and children. BMI is defined as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. BMI is related to the amount of fat in the body. A high amount of fat can raise the risk of many health problems. A health care professional can determine if a person\u2019s health may be at risk because of his or her weight.
\nThe table below shows BMI ranges for overweight and obesity in adults 20 and older.
\nBMI | \nClassification | \n
---|---|
18.5 to 24.9 | \nNormal, or healthy, weight | \n
25 to 29.9 | \nOverweight | \n
30+ | \nObesity (including severe obesity) | \n
40+ | \nSevere obesity | \n
Use this online tool from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to gauge BMI for adults.
\nA child\u2019s body composition changes during growth from infancy into adulthood, and it differs by sex. Therefore, a young person\u2019s weight status is calculated based on a comparison with other same-age and same-sex children or teens using CDC\u2019s age- and sex-specific growth charts. The comparison results in a percentile placement. For example, a boy whose weight in relation to his height is greater than 75% of other same-aged boys places in the 75th percentile for BMI and is considered to be of normal or healthy weight.
\nChildren grow at different rates at different times, so it is not always easy to tell if a child is overweight. A child\u2019s health care professional should evaluate the child\u2019s BMI, growth, and potential health risks due to excess body weight.
\nWeight Status Category | \nPercentile Range | \n
---|---|
Underweight | \nLess than 5th percentile | \n
Normal or healthy weight | \n5th percentile to less than 85th percentile | \n
Overweight | \n85th to less than 95th percentile | \n
Obesity | \n95th percentile or greater | \n
Severe obesity | \n120% of the 95th percentile | \n
Use this online tool from the CDC to calculate BMI and the corresponding BMI-for-age percentile based on CDC growth charts, for children and teens.
\nFactors that may contribute to excess weight gain among adults and youth include genetics; types and amounts of food and drinks consumed; level of physical activity; degree of time spent on sedentary behaviors, such as watching TV, engaging with a computer, or talking and texting on the phone; sleep habits; medical conditions or medicines; and where and how people live, including their access to and ability to afford healthy foods and safe places to be active.4,5
\nOverweight and obesity increase the risk for many health problems, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, joint problems, liver disease, gallstones, some types of cancer, and sleep and breathing problems, among other conditions.5,6 Learn more about the causes and health consequences of overweight and obesity.
\nAge-adjusted percentage of US adults with overweight, obesity, and severe obesity by sex, 2017\u20132018 NHANES Data2
\n\n | All (Men and Women) | \nMen | \nWomen | \n
---|---|---|---|
Overweight | \n30.7 | \n34.1 | \n27.5 | \n
Obesity (including severe obesity) | \n42.4 | \n43.0 | \n41.9 | \n
Severe obesity | \n9.2 | \n6.9 | \n11.5 | \n
As shown in the above table
\nAge-adjusted prevalence of obesity among adults ages 20 and over, by sex and age: United States, 2017\u201320187
\n Among all adults ages 20 and over, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 42.4%. Among people 20-39 years of age, the prevalence of obesity was 40%. Among people 40-59 years of age, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 44.8%. Among people 60 years of age and older, the age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 42.8%.As shown in the above bar graph
Age-adjusted prevalence of obesity among adults ages 20 and over, by sex, race, and Hispanic origin: United States, 2017\u201320187
\n 1Significantly different from all other race and Hispanic-origin groups.As shown in the above bar graph
Age-adjusted prevalence of severe obesity among adults ages 20 and over, by sex, age, and race and Hispanic origin: United States, 2017\u201320187
\n 1Significantly different from men.Prevalence of overweight, obesity, and severe obesity among children and adolescents ages 2 to 19 years: United States, 2017\u20132018 NHANES data3
\n NOTE: Excludes pregnant females. Overweight is body mass index (BMI) at or above the 85th percentile and below the 95th percentile from the sex-specific BMI-for-age 2000 CDC Growth Charts. Obesity is BMI at or above the 95th percentile. Severe obesity is BMI at or above 120% of the 95th percentile.Prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents ages 2 to 19 years: United States, 2017\u20132018 NHANES data3
\n NOTE: Excludes pregnant females. Overweight is body mass index (BMI) at or above the 85th percentile and below the 95th percentile from the sex-specific BMI-for-age 2000 CDC Growth Charts.Prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents ages 2 to 19 years, by sex and race and Hispanic origin: United States, 2017\u20132018 NHANES data3
\n NOTE: Excludes pregnant females. Obesity is body mass index (BMI) at or above the 95th percentile from the sex-specific BMI-for-age 2000 CDC Growth Charts.* See asterisked note in the figure above.
\nTrends in age-adjusted (PDF, 97.2 KB) obesity and severe obesity prevalence among adults ages 20 and over: United States, 1999\u20132000 through 2017\u201320187
\n The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 30.5% in 1999-2000 and rose steadily to 42.4% by 2017-2018.Trends in obesity among children and adolescents ages 2\u201319 years, by age: United States, 1963\u20131965 through 2017\u201320183
\n For all children and adolescents ages 2-19 years, the prevalence of obesity rose from about 4% in 1963-1964 to 20% in 2017-2018.As shown in the above line graph
This content is provided as a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. Content produced by NIDDK is carefully reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts.
The NIDDK would like to thank:
Sohyun Park, Ph.D., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Cheryl D. Fryar, M.S.P.H., National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention